Istanbul Bridges Connecting Asia Minor and Europe On Two Continents
The three choirs of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, facilitate the crossing of millions of vehicles and tourists between continents.
- 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü (also know as 15 July Martyrs Bridge)
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge
- Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge
The idea of bringing together the two sides of Istanbul, which have preserved its historical, political, commercial and cultural value for centuries, dates back to B.C. One of the greatest dreams of the civilizations that ruled the geography in question was the unification of the two continents. 20 of Istanbul. after the second half of the century, the first steps were taken to build bridges in the Bosphorus with rapid urbanization process, growth of settlements, waves of migration and increased traffic. The Bosphorus Bridge, which was the first bridge connecting Asia and Europe and which had great discussions prior to its construction, is the 50th bridge of the Republic. it opened on October 30, 1973, a day after its anniversary, October 29. The official name of the bridge was the Bosphorus Bridge until July 26, 2016. The name of the bridge was changed to Martyrs Bridge on 15 July in memory of those who lost their lives here during the coup attempt on 15 July.
1. 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü
February 1970 Beylerbeyi ayak field ceremony began the construction of the Bosphorus Bridge, which was undertaken by British and German companies. The bridge was opened on 29 October 1973 by the then President Fahri Korutürk. During the construction of the 6-lane bridge with a length of one thousand 74 meters between the towers, 71 thousand cubic meters of concrete, 4 thousand tons of reinforced concrete steel, 17 thousand tons of building Steel, 6 thousand tons of cable Steel were used during the excavation of 63 thousand cubic meters. Completed in approximately 3 years and 8 months, the Bosphorus Bridge cost $ 23 million, 213,666. Serving an average of 24 thousand vehicles per day in its first year, the bridge continued to be the only connecting road between the two sides of Istanbul for 15 years. The bridge began to share this task with Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge from 1988 and Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge from 26 August 2016. A marathon is also held from 1979 on the route, which includes the 15 July Martyrs Bridge.
2. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge
Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, 15 July Martyrs Bridge 5 kilometers north, Rumeli side of the Bosphorus, Hisarüstü and the Anatolian side of Kavacık is located between the positions. May December 29, 1985, the foundation of the Fatih Sultan Mehmet bridge construction work started on 4 December 1985. On September February 17, 1987, the first tabletop of the bridge was placed in place, while on February 4, 1988, the installation of the tabletops was completed. The July May 29, 1988, bridge was completed and entered service on July 3, 1988, with 1,100 working days planned for its construction. It has been 31 years since the bridge was put into service. The tower foundations of the bridge, which has a central opening of 1090 meters between the tower legs, were placed on the slopes on both sides of the Strait, while the towers started almost from the table support level.
At both ends of the bridge, a massive reinforced concrete Anchorage block, 50x60 meters in size and 35 meters in depth, is located in the plan that transfers the pull loads from the carrier main cables to the rock floor. Inside the Anchorage blocks there is a room where cables are detected. The cables are separated into 36 bends as they enter these chambers, and each bend is detected separately, spreading to a wider surface. In addition to connecting Asia and Europe, the Bosphorus bridges are also decorated with flags for championships and celebrations, while they are dressed in various colors for public building and raising awareness on certain nights of the year.
3. Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge
The foundation of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge, which united Asia and Europe for the third time, is the 560th anniversary of the conquest of Istanbul. it was laid down on 29 May 2013, coinciding with its anniversary. Name 9. The bridge, which was taken from Ottoman Sultan Yavuz Sultan Selim, is a major milestone for the history of Engineering in Turkey and the world in terms of its many features. The bridge legs are located in the Garipçe neighborhood of Sarıyer on the European side and in the poyrazköy District of Beykoz on the Anatolian side. Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge, the "world's widest bridge" built on the Bosphorus, was completed in 27 months despite the 36 months projected at the beginning and opened for service on August 26, 2016.
The bridge, which is supposed to ease the load of transit traffic in Istanbul and eliminate the air pollution and environmental problems caused by traffic, is opened for heavy vehicles, making their crossing here. The bridge is the first in the world since the rail transit system is on the same table. The bridge, which has a width of 59 metres and a tower height of 322 metres, has a span of 1408 metres and a total length of 2,164 metres. Tilted suspension ropes, which are the systems that carry the world's longest suspension bridge with a rail system on it, can reach a length of 124,382 kilometers when the steel wires used in the main cable and suspension ropes are added end to end. This length is equivalent to circling the Earth 3 times.
